The Role of ESG Audits :
Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) framework is a framework used to assess a Company’s sustainability & ethical impact, focusing on their impact on the environment, society & their internal governance practices.
ESG considerations which used to be at the sidelines of corporate strategy till recently, is now at the center of business conversations. Whether it is investors demanding greater transparency, regulators tightening disclosure norms, or consumers favoring responsible brands, there is a growing consensus that ESG is no longer optional. It is in such evolving landscape that ESG audits are emerging as one of the most critical tools to ensure that ESG commitments translate into credible action.
This article reflects the insights and perspectives that we have gained while working with organizations navigating their ESG journey from framework selection to readiness assessments.
Why ESG Audits :
The objective of an ESG audit, like any other audit is to provide reasonable assurance over the accuracy and reliability of the information being reported.
While ESG reports may paint a picture of sustainability, inclusivity, or ethical governance, it is the audit that test the robustness of that claim. ESG audits act as a mirror by reflecting the current reality of an organization’s efforts and provide a clear direction for future improvement.
The importance of ESG audits is growing due to several key trends:
- Stakeholder Pressure: Investors require verified data; Employees seek purpose and the Consumers prefer value-driven brands.
- Greenwashing Concerns: ESG audits are a safeguard against superficial claims and help build long-term trust.
- Regulatory Evolution: Regulatory requirements such as BRSR in India and CSRD in Europe are making ESG disclosures mandatory and assurance is the next logical step. BRSR, introduced by SEBI aims to standardize how the top companies disclose non-financial ESG data. It represents the minimum set of ESG disclosures that companies must report on and eventually get externally audited (ESG Audit).
The typical ESG Audit Process :
Based on our professional experience and ongoing conversations with other ESG professionals, a typical ESG audit process unfolds as under:
- Defining Scoping and Materiality: Identifying ESG factors that are most relevant to the business and its stakeholders. This step ensures that the audit focuses on material risks and opportunities not just generic indicators.
- Data Gathering and Verification: Involves examining documents, systems, policies, stakeholder feedback, and ESG-related key policies of the company.
- Gap Analysis: Comparison of current ESG performance against frameworks like GRI, SASB, or TCFD with an aim to spot gaps, inconsistencies, or risks that may not be evident from public disclosures.
- Reporting and Recommendations: Audit reports typically include observations, compliance insights, risk exposures, and practical recommendations.
- Capacity Building and Follow-up: ESG audits often spark internal reforms, new ESG policies, and deeper engagement across business units which help not only in complying with the reporting requirements but also helps in providing positive impact on the Environment.
Key challenges in ESG Audits :
- Lack of ownership: ESG is often viewed merely as a compliance or CSR activity. However, without active leadership involvement and proper training, organizations fail to realise that ESG is a critical strategic function intending to shape the organisation’s future.
- Fragmented Data Systems: ESG data is scattered across functions, making audits slow and complicated.
- Ambiguity Around Frameworks: Companies are not always clear on the ESG standards to be followed or how to adapt them to their industry.
- Measuring the Social (S) and Governance (G)metrics are harder to quantify than Environmental (E) ones.
Where Are ESG Audits Headed :
As ESG continues to evolve, audits will become more standardized, tech-enabled, and forward-looking. Here’s what the future for these audits may hold:
- Digital Auditing Tools: AI-powered data review, automated ESG scoring, and real-time dashboards will become mainstream.
- Sector-Specific Audits: Instead of one-size-fits-all audits, industries will see more tailored benchmarks based on their unique risks and footprints.
- Board-Level Integration: ESG audit outcomes will influence not just sustainability teams but boardroom strategies, executive compensation, and investor relations.
- Regulatory Assurance: Countries like India are already pushing toward ESG assurance mandates through BRSR Core. Global convergence is not far behind.
Conclusion :
As we reflect on the growing relevance of ESG audits, it’s clear that they are not only ‘regulatory checklists’ rather a deeper narrative on how businesses define value, impact, and accountability. In today’s world, where stakeholders are more informed and expectations are rising, ESG audits offer companies a vital opportunity to assess their sustainability claims with honesty and integrity.
An ESG audit encourages leadership to think long-term, strengthen internal controls, and align their operations with the values they wish to project.
Despite no regulatory requirement yet to get ESG Audits conducted, we are at a critical juncture where ESG is not just a corporate responsibility; it is a strategic imperative. Companies may delay getting this audit done but the growing awareness around the concept and pressure from various stakeholders mean that they may not be able to avoid it for too long.
Author: Puneet Sharma